How Much Does It Cost to Start a Restaurant in Montana?
Montana has a cost index of 0.88x the national average for restaurant businesses. Here is a complete line-by-line cost breakdown based on local data.
Line-Item Cost Breakdown
| Category | Low | Mid | High | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LLC filing | $440 | $1,320 | $2,640 | LLC filing fee in Montana: $35. LLC fee varies by state ($35-$500). EIN is free from IRS. Legal consultation for lease review and operating agreement adds $500-$2,000. |
| Food service license | $1,760 | $8,800 | $44,000 | Liquor license alone can range from $300 to $14,000+. Health department permits $100-$1,000. Fire inspection $100-$500. Building/occupancy permits $500-$5,000. Signage permits $50-$300. |
| Commercial kitchen equipment | $22,000 | $66,000 | $176,000 | Used equipment at low end can save 40-60%. Major items: commercial oven ($3,000-$20,000), walk-in cooler ($5,000-$15,000), fryers ($1,500-$5,000), dishwasher ($3,000-$10,000), POS system ($1,500-$5,000). |
| Food inventory | $4,400 | $13,200 | $30,800 | First food order typically 2-3x normal weekly order. Bar inventory adds $5,000-$15,000. Paper goods, cleaning supplies, and uniforms add $2,000-$5,000. |
| Leasehold improvements | $17,600 | $88,000 | $308,000 | Commercial kitchen ventilation hood alone costs $5,000-$20,000. Plumbing for grease trap $2,000-$5,000. Build-out costs $50-$200/sqft depending on condition of space. |
| Tables | $4,400 | $22,000 | $70,400 | Restaurant chairs $50-$300 each, tables $100-$500 each, booths $500-$2,000 each. |
| General liability | $2,640 | $7,040 | $13,200 | Annual cost. General liability $1,500-$5,000/yr, workers comp varies by state and payroll, property insurance $1,000-$3,000/yr, liquor liability $500-$2,000/yr. |
| Exterior signage | $1,760 | $7,040 | $22,000 | Exterior signage $2,000-$10,000. Website $500-$3,000. Menu design/printing $500-$2,000. Grand opening event $1,000-$5,000. |
| POS system | $1,760 | $4,400 | $13,200 | POS hardware $1,500-$5,000, monthly software $100-$300. Security system $1,000-$5,000. |
| 3 months operating expenses | $26,400 | $66,000 | $132,000 | Critical buffer. Monthly operating costs for a mid-sized restaurant: rent $3,000-$10,000, payroll $8,000-$25,000, food costs $5,000-$15,000, utilities $1,500-$3,000. |
| Estimated Total | $83,600 | $242,000 | $660,000 | Adjusted for Montana's cost index (0.88x national avg) |
LLC Registration in Montana
To form an LLC in Montana, you file Articles of Organization (or Certificate of Formation) with the Secretary of State. The base filing fee is $35.
Note: Cheapest state to file at $35.
File online at: Montana Secretary of State
An EIN (Employer Identification Number) is free from the IRS and required for any LLC with employees, multiple members, or that wants a business bank account.
Permits & Licenses in Montana
Restaurant businesses in Montana typically need multiple permits and licenses. Estimated total permit costs are around $3,000.
Liquor license alone can range from $300 to $14,000+. Health department permits $100-$1,000. Fire inspection $100-$500. Building/occupancy permits $500-$5,000. Signage permits $50-$300.
Always check with your local city and county offices for specific requirements. Requirements vary significantly between jurisdictions within Montana.
Insurance Costs in Montana
A restaurant in Montana should budget approximately $5,800/year for insurance coverage.
Annual cost. General liability $1,500-$5,000/yr, workers comp varies by state and payroll, property insurance $1,000-$3,000/yr, liquor liability $500-$2,000/yr.
| Coverage Type | Details |
|---|---|
| General Liability | Covers third-party bodily injury and property damage claims |
| Workers Compensation | Montana rate: $1.45 per $100 payroll (national avg: $1.03) |
| Property/Equipment | Covers business property, equipment, and inventory |
| Total Annual Estimate | $5,800 |
Equipment & Setup
Used equipment at low end can save 40-60%. Major items: commercial oven ($3,000-$20,000), walk-in cooler ($5,000-$15,000), fryers ($1,500-$5,000), dishwasher ($3,000-$10,000), POS system ($1,500-$5,000).
| Item | Budget | Mid-Range | Premium |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commercial kitchen equipment | $22,000 | $66,000 | $176,000 |
| Food inventory | $4,400 | $13,200 | $30,800 |
| Leasehold improvements | $17,600 | $88,000 | $308,000 |
| Tables | $4,400 | $22,000 | $70,400 |
Working Capital
Plan for at least 3 months of operating expenses as working capital. For a mid-range restaurant in Montana, that means approximately $66,000 ($22,000/month).
Critical buffer. Monthly operating costs for a mid-sized restaurant: rent $3,000-$10,000, payroll $8,000-$25,000, food costs $5,000-$15,000, utilities $1,500-$3,000.
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Restaurant Costs in Neighboring States
| State | LLC Fee | Permits | Insurance/yr | Cost Index | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | $100 | $3,000 | $5,300 | 0.85x | Details → |
| North Dakota | $135 | $2,500 | $5,000 | 0.8x | Details → |
| South Dakota | $150 | $2,500 | $5,000 | 0.78x | Details → |
| Wyoming | $100 | $2,500 | $5,200 | 0.82x | Details → |